Abtd james leowabb moose



B.'G. FERNALD AND J L. MOORE.

TURBINE BLEEDER VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I6. 1916.

Patented July 1, 1919.

5 SHEETSSHEET 1.

wmkwr a d A 'n n B. G. FERNALD AND J. L. MOORE.

TURBINE BLEEDER' VALVE. I APPLICATION FlLED JUNE 15, 1916- v Patented. July 1, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEEI' 2 B. G. FERNALD AND J. L. MOORE.

TURBINE BLEEDER VALVE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16, I916.

Patented July 1, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEEN 3i B. G. FERNALD AND J. L MOORE.

-TURB|NE BLEEDER VALVE.

APPLICATION FlLE D JUNE 16.1916.

Patented my 1, 1919.

B. G. FERNALD AND J. L. MOORE. TURBINE BLEEDER VAEVE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16, 1916. I I Y Patented July L 11919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

8m uawrozs bl? i a rway g (VM t BENJAMIN eaevELY rEnnALn, or new roan, AND JAMES Lnonarin riooRE, or WELLSVILLE, new roan, Assrenons ro 'rnn enn TURBINE ooivtrnnr, or wnLLsvILLE, new roan, a CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

TURBINE JBLEEDER- VALVE.

raoaaov.

To all whom itinay concern 1 Be it known that we, Blinder/tin Gr. Fen

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NALD andJAMns-L; MOORE, of New'York, in the cbunt'y of New York, and .in the State of New York, and Wellsville, county oil?- Allegany, and State of New York, respectively, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Turbine 'Bleeder- Valves, and do hereby declare thatthe tollowing-is a full, clear, and exact descrlption thereof. Y

()ur invention relates particularly to bleeder valves'appliedto turbines, andespecially steam turbines? Hitherto bleeder v'alves, as applied'to turbi-nes, have been arranged with automatic means for varying. the amount of steam passing through the same by providing nozzle control in the turbine, that-is to say by providing means for cutting oflthe supply of steam from one or'mo're of the nozzles at agiven' point in'the turblne, or they have been. arranged withan automatic throttle til valve "or back pressure valve, requiring the Steam which flows to the condenser to pass outside of the turbine casing and back again into the interior. of the sameii The bleeder:valvesproviding nozzle control have necessitated theuse of an annular valve ring on one of the diaphragms or turbine sections, so as to successivey cut 0% the supply of steam fromthe nozzles at that stage in the turbine. The presence of such a valve ring, however, extending entirely around the circumference of the turbine, prevented the turbine from being entirely uncovered and exposed to view for inspection and repairs by lifting the upper half of the turblne c'asing with the attached diaphragms and other parts attached thereto.

into the same, which rendered the construction complex and generally ineflicient.

An object of our invention is to provide a bleeder valve which may be of the throttle type, but which is located in the interior of.

the turbine so as to obviate the necessity of ing and back into the same. A further ob- Specification of Letters Patent.

passing the steam outside of the turbine cas- Patented arui i, iaia.

. Application filed June it, late. Serial lto. '103,94l=6.

of a special section or diaphragm which maybe substituted in the turbine for any I oneof the diaphragms contained within the same without requiring extensive changes in the construction of the turbinein which it is introduced, that is to say, without further change than perhapsthe lengthening of the shaftandv the casing. A further object'is to provide such a valve which will permit the turbine tobeopened to view for inspection and repairs merely by lifting the upper half of the same, .and the upper halves of the diaphragms which are attached thereto without in anyway disturbing the parts of the bleeder valve. A still'further object-is to provide a .=bleeder valve,'which may be operated by hand it sodesired. A further object is to provide a gridiron valve for this purpose, and a means for operatingthe same which will givejan accurate adjustment of the steam. pressurein the heating system supplied by'the steam coming from the section containing the bleeder valve.

A furtherflobject of our invention is to provide the bleeder valve outlet with a check valve which will normally operate to prevent the passage of steam from the system suppliedyby the bleeder valve back into the till turbine. and thus cause over-speeding. A,

further object is touprovide a valvein the bleeder outlet-which will be positively closed by an emergency governor when there is -any over.speeding caused by the passage of steam back into the turbine from the sys tem suppliedby the bleeder valve, the same acting so as to prevent such reverse move-' ment of the steam even in the case where the check valve for any reason becomes inoperatllh tive, ,A- further objectgpf our invention is to provide valves of the above character which are operated in connection with an automatically closing throttle valve adapted to be brought into operation by the emergency governor in case oi over speeoling.

While our inventlon 1s capable of embodlment 1n many diflbrent forms for the one form thereof in the accompanying drawof a turbine carrying a bleeder valve section made in accordance with our invention;

purpose of'illustration we shall show only llUtll in place;

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectior'rof the same showing the bleeder valve section Fig.3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the bleeder valve section, v

Fig. 4' is; a section of a.deta1l enlarged;

Fig, 5 is a horizo'ntal section of a bleeder' valve'section as shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a-ver-tical section showing a speed governor and an. emergency governor;

Fig. 7 is a'horizontal section showing details of the emergency governor, and

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the turbine casing and, .bleeder outlet, showing the bleeder outlet valve. 4

In the drawings we have shownasteam turbine having an inlet 1 for steam, and an outlet, 2.for the exhaust steam, a base frame 2*, an oil supply tank 2 therein, an oil pump 2, and having'an outer casing comprised of semi-circular heads 3, 3", 4, 4*,and lagging 4". and 4. Through the turbine casing there extends a shaft 5, carrying disks 5", having on their periphery blades 6. Theblades 6, and the parts, in. general, of the turbine, maybe of any suitable type, but by way of example they may be of the multi-pressure stage Fimpulse type. Betweenthe disks 5 thereare located partitions or diaphragms comprising lower halves 7 attached to the lower part ofthe casing 3, and upper halves 8 attached tothe upperhalf of the casing .4.

These diaphragms are provided with nozzles 9 to direct the steam'againstthe blades 6. As shown in Fig. 1., at any suitable point in the turbine, there may be introduced one of our special bleeder valve diaphragms comprising a lower half 10 and an upper half 11. The upper half 11 of this diaphragm is preferably not provided withnozzles, but. the lower half 10 is provided with nozzles 12 (Fig. 3), which discharge the steam from a chamber 13 formed-by the face of the. diaphragm section 10, and a partition 14 in the rear thereof. This partition 14 has attached to its rear face, a pair of guides 15 by means of screws 16 for guiding a gridiron valve 17.

The gridiron'valve 17 has attached to one.

end thereof a piston rod 18 which is connected to a-piston 19 operating in a. cylinder 20 supported uon .a'casting 21 attached to the bleeder va ve diaphragm section 10 in any suitable manner. The piston 20 is oper 'ated by oil, which may be admitted to or dischargedfrom one end or the other of the cylinder by means of-passageways 22 and 23 (Fig. 4). Thepassageway 22 communicates with a port 24in a valve casing 25 attached to one side of the cylinder 20, and

the passageway 23 communicates with a port 26. also in the valve casing 25. Oil under pressure is supplied tothe valve casing 25, by means of a pipe 27 and discharged from' the 'same by means of a pipe 28. The flow of the oil to and fromthe ends of the cylinder 20 is controlled by the position of a plunger valve 29, one end of which is connected to a lever 30 pivotally supported in ing system to which the steam is supplied from the bleeder 'valve section so thatone side of diaphragm 32 is subjected to heating system pressure. The steam which is supplied to the heating system passes out of the bleeder valve section by means of a pipe 38 which may be connected in any suitable way to said heating system. It will be understood that the pipe 38 is located in the bleeder valve section at the rear of the partition 14.- Pivoted to the piston rod 18 there is also provided a hand lever 39 which is pivotally and slidably supported intermediate its ends-upon the casting 21. On the main shaft 5 of theturbine there is a worm 40 (F ig. 6), which drives a worm wheel 41 on a: vertical governor shaft'42. This shaft 42 is provided with bearings 'in, and passes upwardly through a governor casing 4-3, and intermediate its ends is provided with a ball governor 44, which, by centrifu al action is adapted to force upwardly a s eeve 45 on the shaft '42, which sleeve operates upon a spring 46 resting at its upper end against the under face of a sleeve 47 which operates against a carriage 48 to which a lever 49 is pivoted. The lever 49 is provided with a link 50, the lower end of which rests against the lower end of a spring 51 in a housing 52 carrying said spring, said housing being connected by a screw-threaded rod 53 to a bracket 54 on the casing 43. Hand wheels 55 and 56 are provided on the screw 53 above and below the bracket 54. These parts attached to the end of the lever 49 comprise a synchronizer which is adapted to be used in connection with turbines driving alternators,

the hand wheels-55 and 56 providing a means for achusting the tension of the spring 51,

and, therefore, adjusting the normal speed of the turbine. Near the middle of the lever 49 there is, furthermore, provided a link 57 which is connected to a pilot valve 58 having annular recesses 59 and 60, cooperating with inlet ports 61 and 62 in an oil supply pipe 63 provided with oil under pressure by any suitable means- Said pilot valve 58 has, furthermore, an annular recess 64 which to operates with an exhaust outlet 65 for the exhaust oil. Oil supplied in this manner is I 71 located in a steam supply pipe 1.

order to adjust the range of variations in speed, the endof the lever 49 is connected shaft 42 has-located around the same an e0- receptor discharged through outlet and admitted to one or the other of two. pipes 66 and 67 a relay piston 69,"which is" attached to a throttle valve'rod 7 0*, having a. throttle valjye n by a screw-threaded rod 7 E2 to a lever 7 3 pivotally supported upon the steam pipe 1, and having its other end connected to the throttle valve rod 70. The lever'73 carries a plurality of holes 7 4 by the adjustment of the rod 72 in which therange of speeds is varied.

An emergency governing means is also provided. For this purpose the governor centrically situated weight 75 (Fig. 7), said weight having a,pin 76 fitting in a recess 77 in a collar 78 secured on said shaft 42-, and

a spring79 diametricallyopposite to the pin. 76 and fitting in a. recess 80 in said collar 78.

. sive, the weight 75 is thrown outwardly by centrifugal force until it contacts with a block 87 located in the casing 48. i The block 87 movesnpwardly in opposition to a spring 88 in'the casing 43, thereby moving in the same direction a rod 89, which is attached to a. trip-lever 90 having a pivot 91 on a bracket 92. extending from the side of the casing 43.

When the lever 90 has been moved in this manner, itslnner end moves away from its normal position over a valve 93, located 1n a valve chamber 94 connected to a steam supply pipe 95, thus permitting the passage of steam from saidpipe 95 into a pipe 96 connected with the valve chamber 94, said steam passing thence into two branch pipes 97 and 98, which lead respectively-to a combined check and trip-valve in the bleeder outlet and a similar valve in the steam supply pipe 1. The valve 93 can be reset by a hand lever,

93 pivoted to the bracket 92, and having a spring 93. which normally holds the lever 93 out of contact with the valve 93. The pipe 97 leads to the lower end of a cylinder 98 (Fig. 8), theupper end of which is pro-.

,vided witha port 99, and a by-pass 100 for cushioning. In the interior of the cylinder thereis a piston 101 located on a rod 102 ha ing a yoke 1'03, adapted to slide over a valve T Q Cl' lQl extending downwardly into a valve casing 105, andhaving a check valve 106 thereim'said valve casing 105 being atpartitions tached to the bleeder valve outlet pipe 38. At its upper end the valve rod 104 is connected with a lever 106 having a weight 107 on its outer end which normally retains the check v'alve'106 in closed position. In case of an emergency, as for example, when the: valve 106 has become stuck, the emergency governor will operate to draw the yoke 103 upwardly, thereby. closing the ]check valve 106. The ipe 98, furthermore,

leads to an automatic trip-valve 108 in the steam supply pipe, which is constructed in the same manner as the valve to which the pipe 97 leads, except instead of the weighted by steam pressure in casethe speed of the 'turbme becomes very excesslve.

In the operation of our invention, steam will be supplied to the turbine through the passageway 1 and will impinge on the blades 6 from the nozzles 9, so as to rotate the disks 5 and drive the shaft 5. Tn its passage through the turbine the steam will, at the point where the bleeder valve diaphragm is located, pass partly out of the same through the outlet pipe 38 from which it may lead to any desired-point as, for example, a heating system for a building or a heating apparatus in some manufacturing process. In the operation of the bleedervalve 17 the steam under pressure in the heating system is conveyed by the pipe 37 tothe diaphragm 32, which, according to its position asdetermined by the spring and steam pressure, determines the'positiqn of the valve 29 and, therefore, the inlet or outlet of steam to or from one or the other of the ends of the cylindel .20, so as to move the piston 19, and as a consequence the gridiron valve 17, lit will be seen that the bleeder valve,section 10, 11, may be introduced at any desired point in a turbine in substitution for one of the 7, without re uiring extensive changes in the parts. If at any time it should be found necessary 'to inspect the interior of the turbine, this may readily be As the balls of the governor move outwardly while the speed is increasing the sleeve 45 ismoved upwardly thereby movingthe lever 49 and shifting the pilot valve 58 so as to admit oil through the pipe 67 to the lower end ofthe cylinder 68,thereby elevating the piston 69 and closing to some extent the 4 the rod 4l9 and again moving the pilot valve throttle valve- 71. This movement draws the rod 72 downwardly, thereby depressing pressing or elevating the end of the lever 49 to which it is attached. When the speed of the turbine becomes very excessive, the weight 75 is thrown outwardly by centrifugal force, thereby moving the lever 90 and releasin the valve 93. The steam then passes rom the pipe 95 into the pipes 97 and 98, so as to operate upon the piston 101 on the bleeder check and automatic trip valve, thereby drawing the check valve 106' upwardly and closing the same, and thus preventing steam in the heating system from passing into the turbine. At the same time saidsteam also acts on the valve 108, and in a similar way closes said valve which is located in the steam pipe 1. It will, of I course, be understood, however, that the bleeder check valve .106 and the automatic trip valve 108, instead of being actuated by steam pressure may be actuated by a supply section, a diaphragm therein of oil under pressure or by means of any other fluid medium. The movements of these valves 106 and-108 are cushioned when closing at the upper ends of their strokes. Over-speeding sometimes occurs from the sticking of the check'valve 106, and it is for this reason that the automatic trip adjustment for positively closing .said valve is provided. In a similar way over-speeding sometimes occurs from the sticking of the throttle valve 71, and it is for this reason that the automatic trip valve 108 is provided in the steam inlet pipe. Furthermore,

both of these valves 106 and 108 are so ar-.

ranged that they can be closedby hand, as for example, by movement'of the levers 106 and 109.

While We have described our invention above in detail, we wish it to be understood that many changes may be made therein- Without departing from the spirit of our invention. i

We claim f .1. A turbine casing havin a detachable liaving a similar detachable section and a bleeder "alve of section, a diaphragm therein comprising a the throttle type carried entirely by the re maining portion of said diaphragm.

2. A turbine casing having a detachable plurality of sections detachably secured together, and a bleeder valve carried entirely by one of the dlaphra'gm sections.-

3. A turbine casing having a detachable section,i adiaphragm therein comprising a plurality of sections detachably secured together, and ableeder' valve'entirely carried by the lowermost section of said diaphragm.

4. A turbine having a casing, comprised of centrally separable sections, and a diaphragm comprising centrally separable sections having the upper half closed and on its lowermost section a bleeder valve of the throttle type in the interior of said casing.

. 5.'A turbine having a casing, comprised of centrally separable sections, and :1 diaphragm comprising centrally separable sections, having the upper half closed and on its lowermost'section a bleeder valve of the gridiron type in the interior of said casing.

6. A turbine havinga casing, comprised of centrally separable sections, and a diaphragm comprising centrally separable sec- 85 tions having on its lowermost section a bleeder valve of the throttle type in the interior of said casing, the lower half of the bleeder valve diaphragm having nozzles, and a chamber connecting the same to the bleeder valve.'

7. A turbine having a casing, comprised of centrally separable sections, and a diav phragm comprising centrally separable sections having on its lowermost section a bleeder valve of the gridiron type in the interior of said casing, the lower half of, the

jbleeder valve diaphragm having nozzles,

and a chamber connecting the same to the bleeder valve. y 8.'A turbine having a casing, comprised of centrally separable sections, and a diaphragm comprising centrally separable sections having the upper half closed and on its lowermost section a bleeder valve ofthe throttle type' in the interior of said casing, the lower'half ofthe bleeder valve diaphragm having nozzles, and a chamber connecting the same to the bleeder valve.

9. A turbine having a. casing, comprised n of centrally separable sections, and 9, diaphragm comprising centrally separable sections having the' upper half closed and on its lowermost section a bleeder valve of the gridiron type in the interior of said casing, the lower half A of the bleeder valve diaphragm having nozzles, and a chamber connecting the same to the bleeder valve.

10. In a turbine, a diaphragm made up of sections detachably secured together, one of i said sections provided with means to support a bleeder valve and with ports adapted to coiiperate with such valve.

11. In a turbine, a diaphragm made up of sections detachablysecured together, one of said sections havin a valve seat adapted to cooperate with a b eeder valve, a chamber adjacent such valve seat, and nozzles leading from such chamber.

12. a. turbine, a diaphragm made up of Lana"? an automatic trip valve adapted to normally act as acheck valve located in the outlet.

from the. same, and an'emergency governor v controlling the same.

15. A turbine'havinga bleeder section and an automatic trip valve 'adapted to normally act as a check valve, and having a Weighted closing leve'r located in the outlet from the same.

16. A turbine having a bleeder section and an automatic trip valve adapted to normally not as a check valve, and havin a Weighted closing lever located in the out et from the same, and an emergency governor controlling the same.

17. A turbine having a bleeder section and an automatic trip valve adapted to'normally act as a check valve, and having a Weighted closing lever located in the outlet from the same, comprising means for closing said valve when the turbine exceeds its normal range of speeds.

18. A turbine havinga bleeder section and an automatic trip valveladapted to normally act as a check valve located in the outlet from the same, an automatic trip valve in the steam'supply pipe for the turbine, and an emergency governor controlling said valves.

19. A turbine having a bleeder section ,andan automatic trip valve adapted to normally.

act as a check valve located in the outlet from the same, an automatic trip valve in the steam supply pipe for the turbine, and an emergency governor controlling said valves, comprising means for closing said valves when the turbine exceeds its normal range of speeds.

20. A turbine havinga bleeder section and an automatic trip valve adapted to normally act as a check valve, having a Weighted V closing lever located in. the outlet from the same, an automatic trip valve in the steam supply pipe for the turbine, and a governor controlling said valve.

21. A turbine having a bleeder section and an automatic trip valve adaptedto normally act as a check valve located in the outlet from the same, an automatic trip valve in the steam supply pipe, and adapted tobe operated by hand when desired, for the turbine, and a governor controlling said-valves. 22. A turbine having a bleeder section'and an automatic trip valve adapted to normally act as a check valve, having a weighted closing lever located in the outlet from the supply pipe, and adapted to be operated by hand When desired, for the turbine, and a governor controlling said valves.

23. A turbine comprising a casing having a removable section,-adiaphragm having a removable section, and a bleeder valve located in the fixed portion of the diaphragm.

24:. A turbine comprising a casing and a diaphragm therein, said parts having sections detachableto expose the interior oi the turbine, and a gridiron valve supported in a complementary part of the turbine remaining when said detachable sections are reinoved.

25..ln a turbine, a sectional casing, a sectional diaphram in said casing, and a bleeder valve movable transversely. of the dia phragm.

26. lln a turbine, a sectional casin a sec-' tional diaphragm in saidcasing, an a grid- 1 iron valve movable transversely of the diaphragm.

27. In a turbine, a sectional diaphragm,

' and movable transversely thereof.

28. A turbine having a bleeder section, a positively actuated automatic trip valve adapted to normally act as a check valve located in the outlet from the same, and means for regulating the pressure in said outlet.

29. A- turbine havinga bleeder section, an automatic tri valve adapted to normally act as a cheer valve located in the outlet from the same, an emergency overnor c n trolling said valve, and means or regul ing the pressurein said outlet.

30. A turbine having a bleeder section, a positively actuated automatic trip valve adapted to normally act as a check valve and having a Weighted closing lever located in the outlet from the same, and means for regulating the pressurein said outlet.

31. A turbine having a bleeder section, an automatic trip valve adaptedto normally act-as a check valve and having a Weighted closing lever located in the outlet from the same, an emergency governor controlling said valve, and means for regulating the pressure in said outlet.

t 32. A turbine having a bleeder section, an. automatic trip valve adapted to'normally act as a check valve located in the outlet from the same, means for regulating the pressure in said outlet, an automatic trip valve in the steam supplypipe for the turbine, and an emergency governor controlling said valves.

33. A turbine having a bleeder section, an automatic trip valve adapted to normally act as a check valve located in the outlet from the same, means for regulating the pressure in said outlet, an automatic trip valve in the steam pipe for the turbine, and

an emergency governor controlling said valve, comprising means for closing sald valve when the turbine exceeds "its normal.

range of speed.

34. A turbine having a bleeder section, automatic trip valve adapted to normally act as a check valve located in the outlet from the same, means for regulating the pressure in said outlet, an automatictrip valve in the steam supply pipeadapted to be operated by hand when. desired, and an emergency governor controlling said valves. Y

35. A turbine having a bleeder section, an

automatic trip valve adapted to normally '1 15' act as a check valve and having a weighted steam supply pipe adapted to be-operated by hand when desired, and an emergencygovernor controlling said valves.-

of speed.

diaphragm contained therein, sai

from the same, a governor-for the turbine,

and positive means controlled-by said governor for forcing said valve against its seat when the turbineexceeds its normal range 37,-A turbine comprising a casin and a parts having sections detachable to expose the interior ofthe turbine, and a bleeder valve supported in ,a complementary part of the turbine remaining when said detachable sec tions are removed. i

In testimony that ,we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our hands.

. BENJAMINGRAVELY FERNALI).

- JAMES LEONARD MOORE. Witnesses: p JAMES BURNHAM Lnmn, EL 'ER DELAN Y SPIGER. 

